In the context of increasingly complex developments of infectious disease agents, standardizing technical processes is an urgent requirement. To effectively deal with this situation, the Disease Prevention Law No. 114/2025/QH15 has officially established a system of synchronous technical intervention measures in Chapter II.
These new regulations play the role not only of a solid legal corridor but also a standard process helping medical staff perform professional measures accurately: from surveillance, quarantine, to ensuring biosafety. Implementing these measures correctly and fully is a prerequisite for timely zoning and suppressing epidemics.
Surveillance, risk assessment, and epidemic warning
The foundation of all anti-epidemic activities always starts with surveillance and information work. Based on Article 16 and Article 18 of the Law, when signs of an epidemic appear, professional medical agencies are responsible for organizing risk assessment and issuing early warnings.
This process requires close coordination in investigating, handling outbreaks, and reporting epidemic information according to the regulations of the Minister of Health. Based on risk assessment results, local authorities will make decisions on zoning, controlling, and preventing the spread between infected areas and safe areas.
Regulations on medical quarantine and border health quarantine
Medical quarantine is considered a key measure to cut off the source of transmission in the community. Article 19 clearly stipulates subjects required to undergo medical quarantine, including: people infected or suspected of being infected, carriers of pathogens, and people in contact with pathogens of Group A and certain Group B diseases.
Forms of quarantine are applied flexibly depending on the actual situation, including home quarantine, quarantine at medical examination and treatment facilities, or other concentrated locations. Notably, in cases where subjects subject to quarantine do not voluntarily comply, competent agencies are allowed to apply coercive quarantine measures to protect the general safety of the community.
In parallel, health quarantine activities at border gates (Article 20) are also tightened for people, vehicles, and goods entering, exiting, or transiting. Quarantine content includes: medical declaration, observation, and physical inspection of documents or specimens. If pathogens are detected, medical handling and quarantine measures will be activated immediately at the border gate to prevent pathogens from entering the interior.
Biosafety and biosecurity in testing
Testing work plays a prerequisite role in identifying pathogens, however, this activity also harbors risks of spreading pathogens if not managed well. Article 24 and Article 25 require testing facilities to strictly meet biosafety conditions suitable for each level. Operational organization must comply with specimen management processes and maximum protection for medical staff.
A new point in this Law is the emphasized concept of biosecurity. The goal is to prevent unauthorized access, loss, or misuse of dangerous pathogens. Testing facilities are required to apply appropriate risk control measures, ensuring pathogens are not dispersed into the external environment.
Hygiene, disinfection, and personal protection
In areas determined to have an epidemic, surface hygiene, disinfection, and personal hygiene measures must be thoroughly implemented according to Article 26. The State commits to ensuring personal protective equipment (PPE), prophylactic drugs, and vaccines for those directly participating in fighting the epidemic. This regulation aims to protect medical resources while minimizing the risk of infection for high-risk groups.
Conclusion
In overview, the technical intervention measures in the Disease Prevention Law No. 114/2025/QH15 demonstrate high proactiveness and scientific nature. For each medical staff member, strict compliance with processes from surveillance, quarantine to biosafety is not only a legal responsibility but also a safety protection measure for themselves and colleagues in a high-risk working environment.
MSc. Le Viet Anh – Center for Support & Continuing Education